Aldgate High Street, EC3N

Once the route to one of the six original gates of the Wall of London, Aldgate High Street has an important place in medieval London’s history.

North side of Aldgate High Street, c.1905
Credit: User unknown/public domain

Aldgate High Street was closely located to where the eastern part of the original Roman Wall, and in the medieval period, it led to town of Colchester in Essex.

Because of its connection to places outside London, Aldgate High Street was vital to the geography of medieval London. Unfortunately, any archaeological remnants of the Roman gate have been obscured, and there is no evidence of its precise location, but is believed to have straddled Aldgate High Street, the gate’s northern edge beneath the pavement of current address of 1-2 Aldgate High Street, and its southern edge beneath 88-89 Aldgate High Street.

There is some dispute over the etymology and meaning of "Aldgate," but various historians have provided some theories. The earliest record of Aldgate has it listed as East Gate, which makes sense, given its location as the easternmost gate on the Wall.

Another interpretation of its current name, "Ale Gate," indicates that an ale-house may have been nearby, and yet another, "All Gate," may have pointed to that area’s openness to all. Even though the name Aldgate may point to a variety or origins, all of these etymologies do seem to corroborate Aldgate High Street’s history of being a center for weary travelers to London, who may have stayed at an inn or have a pint of ale on this street. Most scholars seem to agree that the most likely meaning of "Aldgate," however, is "Old Gate," which gives us an indication Aldgate High Street’s antiquity, and its long history dating back to Roman times.

Aldgate High Street’s close proximity to Aldgate helped to cement it as a centre for visitors. The street was once home to inns and taverns to accommodate the travellers coming in and out of London through Aldgate. As is the case with many other parts of London, there are few remnants of buildings or sites actually dating back to the medieval period. The only buildings on Aldgate High Street that date to the period before the Great Fire are a series of buildings at the northern end of Aldgate High Street, one of which is a pub called Hoop & Grapes. This pub is incredibly unique, as it was built in 1593 and was one of the only wooden buildings to survive the Great Fire of 1666. Today, the front of the building looks much like it did in the Tudor period, possessing a few medieval characteristics such as the jetties on its second level and its characteristic Tudor, timber frame. The cellar also supposedly dates back to the thirteenth century.

Main source:	Medieval London: Introduction · Medieval London
	Further citations and sources

#North side of Aldgate High Street, c.1905

User unknown/public domain

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE LOCALITY

The Underground Map Aldgate Added: 8 Mar 2021 15:05 GMT	A plague on all your houses Aldgate station is built directly on top of a vast plague pit, where thousands of bodies are apparently buried. No-one knows quite how many. Reply
The Underground Map Pepys Street, EC3N Added: 20 Sep 2020 13:01 GMT	Pepys starts diary On 1 January 1659, Samuel Pepys started his famous daily diary and maintained it for ten years. The diary has become perhaps the most extensive source of information on this critical period of English history. Pepys never considered that his diary would be read by others. The original diary consisted of six volumes written in Shelton shorthand, which he had learned as an undergraduate on scholarship at Magdalene College, Cambridge. This shorthand was introduced in 1626, and was the same system Isaac Newton used when writing. Reply
Steven Shepherd Pitfield Street, N1 Added: 4 Feb 2021 14:20 GMT	Our House I and my three brothers were born at 178 Pitfield Street. All of my Mothers Family (ADAMS) Lived in the area. There was an area behind the house where the Hoxton Stall holders would keep the barrows. The house was classed as a slum but was a large house with a basement. The basement had 2 rooms that must have been unchanged for many years it contained a ’copper’ used to boil and clean clothes and bedlinen and a large ’range’ a cast iron coal/log fired oven. Coal was delivered through a ’coal hole’ in the street which dropped through to the basement. The front of the house used to be a shop but unused while we lived there. I have many more happy memories of the house too many to put here. Reply
Linda Pereira Street, E1 Added: 18 Feb 2021 22:03 GMT	Pereira Street, E1 My grandfather Charles Suett lived in Periera Street & married a widowed neighbour there. They later moved to 33 Bullen House, Collingwood Street where my father was born. Reply

LATEST LONDON-WIDE CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PROJECT

The Underground Map Kilburn Park Added: 8 Mar 2021 14:30 GMT	Kilburn Park - opened 1915 Kilburn Park station was opened at the height of the First World War Reply
The Underground Map Kilburn Park Added: 8 Mar 2021 14:49 GMT	A bit of a lift.... Kilburn Park was the first station to be designed around escalators, rather than lifts. Reply
The Underground Map Aldgate Added: 8 Mar 2021 15:05 GMT	A plague on all your houses Aldgate station is built directly on top of a vast plague pit, where thousands of bodies are apparently buried. No-one knows quite how many. Reply
GRaleigh Glengall Road, NW6 Added: 23 Feb 2021 09:34 GMT	Found a bug Hi all! Thank you for your excellent site. I found an overlay bug on the junction of Glengall Road, NW6 and Hazelmere Road, NW6 on the 1950 map only. It appears when one zooms in at this junction and only on the zoom. Cheers, Geoff Raleigh Source: Glengall Road, NW6 Reply
Jessie Doring Tisbury Court, W1D Added: 22 Feb 2021 04:33 GMT	Tisbury Court Jazz Bar Jazz Bar opened in Tisbury Court by 2 Australians. Situated in underground basement. Can not remember how long it opened for. Reply
Christine Clark Knoyle Street, SE14 Added: 20 Feb 2021 11:27 GMT	Number 44 (1947 - 1967) The Clark’s moved here from Dorking my father worked on the Thames as a captain of shell mex tankers,there were three children, CHristine, Barbara and Frank, my mother was Ida and my father Frank.Our house no 44 and 42 were pulled down and we were relocated to Bromley The rest of our family lived close by in Milton Court Rd, Brocklehurat Street, Chubworthy street so one big happy family..lovely days. Reply
www.violettrefusis.com Wilton Crescent, SW1X Added: 17 Feb 2021 15:05 GMT	Birth place Violet Trefusis, writer, cosmopolitan intellectual and patron of the Arts was born at 2 Wilton Crescent SW1X. Source: www.violettrefusis.com Reply
Vanessa Whitehouse Ashburton Grove, N7 Added: 17 Feb 2021 22:48 GMT	Born here My dad 1929 John George Hall Reply

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Muscovy Street, EC3R Muscovy Street is one of the streets of London in the EC3R postal area.

Muscovy Street, EC3R

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Nathaniel Close, E1

New Drum Street, E1 A street within the E1 postcode

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New Street, EC2M

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Osbourne Street, E1

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Pepys Street, EC3N

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Plantain Gardens, EC3M A street within the EC3V postcode

Plantain Gardens, EC3M

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Plantation Lane, EC3M

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Plantation Place, EC3R

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PO Box 4, E1

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PO Box 4, EC3A

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Pomell Way, E1

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Portsoken Street, EC3N

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Prescot Street, E1

Resolution Plaza, E1 Resolution Plaza is a location in London.

Resolution Plaza, E1

Riga Mews, E1 A street within the E1 postcode

Riga Mews, E1

Rood Lane, EC3M Rood Lane is one of the streets of London in the EC3M postal area.

Rood Lane, EC3M

Royal Mint Place, E1 Royal Mint Place is one of the streets of London in the E1 postal area.

Royal Mint Place, E1

Royal Mint Street, E1 Royal Mint Street is one of the streets of London in the E1 postal area.

Royal Mint Street, E1

Rupert Street, E1 Rupert Street was situated to the east of Leman Street.

Rupert Street, E1

Saracen’s Head Yard, EC3N Saracen’s Head Yard was to the south of Aldgate.

Saracen’s Head Yard, EC3N

Savage Gardens, EC3N Savage Gardens connects Crutched Friars in the north to Trinity Square in the south, crossing Pepys Street.

Savage Gardens, EC3N

Scarborough Street, E1 This is a street in the E1 postcode area

Scarborough Street, E1

Seething Lane, EC3R Seething Lane is one of the streets of London in the EC3N postal area.

Seething Lane, EC3R

Shorter Street, E1 Shorter Street is a location in London.

Shorter Street, E1

Shorter Street, EC3N Shorter Street is one of the streets of London in the E1 postal area.

Shorter Street, EC3N

Shorter Street, EC3N Shorter Street is a road in the EC3N postcode area

Shorter Street, EC3N

Sky Garden Walk, EC3M Sky Garden Walk is a location in London.

Sky Garden Walk, EC3M

Sky Garden, EC3M Sky Garden is a location in London.

Sky Garden, EC3M

South Tenter Street, E1 South Tenter Street is a road in the E1 postcode area

South Tenter Street, E1

St Botolph Street, EC3A St Botolph Street is one of the streets of London in the EC3A postal area.

St Botolph Street, EC3A

St Clare House, EC3N Residential block

St Clare House, EC3N

St Clare Street, EC3N St Clare Street is one of the streets of London in the EC3N postal area.

St Clare Street, EC3N

St Helen’s Place, EC3A St Helen’s Place runs east from Bishopsgate.

St Helen’s Place, EC3A

St James’s Passage, EC3A St James’s Passage was formerly known as Church Passage.

St James’s Passage, EC3A

St James’s Place, EC3A St James Place was an open square, formerly Broad Court, which held a daily market that sold fruits of various kinds.

St James’s Place, EC3A

St Mark Street, E1 St Mark Street was built on the old Goodman’s Fields.

St Mark Street, E1

St Mary At Hill, EC3R St Mary At Hill is one of the streets of London in the EC3R postal area.

St Mary At Hill, EC3R

St Mary Axe, EC3A St Mary Axe is an ancient street of the City of London.

St Mary Axe, EC3A

Stable Walk, E1 Stable Walk is a location in London.

Stable Walk, E1

Staple Hall, EC3A Staple Hall is one of the streets of London in the EC3A postal area.

Staple Hall, EC3A

Stone House Court, EC3A Stone House Court is one of the streets of London in the EC3A postal area.

Stone House Court, EC3A

Stoney Lane, EC3A Stoney Lane is one of the streets of London in the E1 postal area.

Stoney Lane, EC3A

Strype Street, E1 John Strype, who became an antiquary, historian and parson was the son of a Huguenot weaver and born here in 1643.

Strype Street, E1

Sugar House, E1 A street within the E1 postcode

Sugar House, E1

The Community Centre, E1 The Community Centre is a location in London.

The Community Centre, E1

The Queen’s Steps, EC3N The Queen’s Steps is one of the streets of London in the EC3N postal area.

The Queen’s Steps, EC3N

Thrawl Street, E1 Originally built by Henry Thrall (or Thrale) c.1656, Thrawl Street ran east-west from Brick Lane as far as George Street across a former tenter field owned by the Fossan brothers, Thomas and Lewis.

Thrawl Street, E1

Toynbee Street, E1 Toynbee Street is one of the streets of London in the E1 postal area.

Toynbee Street, E1

Trinity Square, EC3N Trinity Square is one of the streets of London in the EC3N postal area.

Trinity Square, EC3N

Tyne Street, E1 Tyne Street is a location in London.

Tyne Street, E1

Undershaft, EC3P Undershaft is a road in the EC3P postcode area

Undershaft, EC3P

Union Court, EC2N Union Court is an alleyway off of Broad Street.

Union Court, EC2N

Victoria Avenue, E1 This is a street in the EC2M postcode area

Victoria Avenue, E1

Vine Street, EC3N Vine Street is one of the streets of London in the EC3N postal area.

Vine Street, EC3N

Wentworth Street, E1 Wentworth Street runs east-west from the junction of Brick Lane, Osborn Street and Old Montague Street to Middlesex Street, forming part of the boundary between Spitalfields and St Mary’s Whitechapel.

Wentworth Street, E1

West Tenter Street, E1 West Tenter Street is one of the streets of London in the E1 postal area.

West Tenter Street, E1

White Church Lane, E1 White Church Lane is one of the streets of London in the E1 postal area.

White Church Lane, E1

White Church Passage, E1 A street within the E1 postcode

White Church Passage, E1

White Kennett Street, EC3A White Kennett Street was named after a Bishop of Peterborough.

White Kennett Street, EC3A

Whitechapel High Street, E1 Whitechapel High Street runs approximately west-east from Aldgate High Street to Whitechapel Road and is designated as part of the A11.

Whitechapel High Street, E1

Whittington Avenue, EC3A Whittington Avenue is one of the streets of London in the EC3A postal area.

Whittington Avenue, EC3A

Whittington Avenue, EC3V Whittington Avenue is one of the streets of London in the EC3V postal area.

Whittington Avenue, EC3V

Wormwood Street, EC2N Wormwood Street refers to the wormwood plant which used to grow on the London Wall and in other areas of wasteland in the City.

Wormwood Street, EC2N

Wrestlers Court, EC3A Wrestlers Court is one of the streets of London in the EC3A postal area.

Wrestlers Court, EC3A

Aldgate

Aldgate was one of the massive gates which defended the City from Roman times until 1760.

Stow wrote in his Survey of London of 1598 that ’It hath had two pair of gates, though now but one; the hooks remaineth yet. Also there hath been two port-closes; the one of them remai

The gate stood at the corner of the modern Duke’s Place and was always an obstacle to traffic. It was rebuilt between 1108–47, again in 1215, and reconstructed completely between 1607-09. The gate was finally removed in 1761; it was temporarily re-erected at Bethnal Green.

While he was a customs official, from 1374 until 1386, Geoffrey Chaucer occupied apartments above the gate. The Augustinians priory of Holy Trinity Aldgate was founded by Matilda, the wife of King Henry I, in 1108, on ground just inside the gate.

Within Aldgate ward, Jews settled from 1181, until their expulsion in 1290 by King Edward I. The area became known as Old Jewry. Jews were welcomed back by Oliver Cromwell, and once again they settled in the area, founding London’s oldest synagogue at Bevis Marks in 1698.

At Aldgate’s junction with Leadenhall Street and Fenchurch Street is the site of the old Aldgate Pump. From 1700 it was from this point that distances were measured into the counties of Essex and Middlesex. The original pump was taken down in 1876, and a ’faux’ pump and drinking fountain was erected several yards to the west of the original; it was supplied by water from the New River. In ancient deeds, Alegate Well is mentioned, adjoining the City wall, and this may have been the source (of water) for the original pump. A section of the remains of Holy Trinity Priory can be seen through a window in a nearby office block, on the north side.

The area around the large traffic roundabout to the east of where the gate stood is also often referred to as Aldgate (although strictly, this is Aldgate High Street, and extends a short distance into Whitechapel; it is also known occasionally by the epithet ’Gardiners’ Corner’, in honour of a long-disappeared department store).

Aldgate underground station was opened on 18 November 1876 with the southbound extension to Tower Hill opening on 25 September 1882, completing the (Inner) Circle. Services from Aldgate originally ran far further west than they do now, reaching as far as Richmond, and trains also used to run from Aldgate to Hammersmith (the Hammersmith & City line now bypasses the station). It became the terminus of the Metropolitan line only in 1941. Before that, Metropolitan trains had continued on to the southern termini of the East London Line.

Platforms 1 and 4 at Aldgate are the only two platforms on the network to be served exclusively by the Circle line.

LOCAL PHOTOS

The Great Synagogue of London (1810) Credit: Thomas Rowlandson (1756â TUM image id: 1518368926 Licence: CC BY 2.0	Boar Credit: Unknown TUM image id: 1518792376 Licence: CC BY 2.0	The Aldgate Pump in 1874. Credit: Wellcome Images TUM image id: 1518792844 Licence: CC BY 2.0	Bevis Marks Synagogue Credit: John Salmon TUM image id: 1519475277 Licence: CC BY 2.0	Exterior of St Katherine Cree, City of London Credit: Prioryman TUM image id: 1519729630 Licence: CC BY 2.0
St James Duke Credit: Robert William Billings and John Le Keux TUM image id: 1520552156 Licence: CC BY 2.0	The Third Goodmans Fields Theatre, Great Alie Street, London in 1801 - From Credit: W. W. Hutchings TUM image id: 1520855916 Licence: CC BY 2.0	A drawing published in 1907 of the west front of the Church of Holy Trinity, Minories Credit: Uncredited TUM image id: 1523993568 Licence: CC BY 2.0	Petticoat Lane in the 1920s Credit: George Grantham Bain Collection (Library of Congress) TUM image id: 1523993996 Licence: CC BY 2.0	Whitechapel Gallery Credit: LeHaye/Wiki Commons TUM image id: 1556738899 Licence: CC BY 2.0
Etching of All Hallows Staining tower, drawn in 1922 Credit: Public domain TUM image id: 1585749143 Licence: CC BY 2.0	Mark Lane station Credit: London Transport TUM image id: 1585759751 Licence: CC BY 2.0	Byward Tower, 1893 TUM image id: 1556882285 Licence: CC BY 2.0	Still and Star pub, Aldgate (1968) The pub was a rare remaining working-class pub in the City being a ’slum pub’ - whereby a private house was converted into a hostelry. Credit: The National Brewery Centre TUM image id: 1614724869 Licence:	46 Aldgate High Street TUM image id: 1490910153 Licence: CC BY 2.0